Chlorophyll Biosynthesis

15–20 enzymatic steps from glutamyl-tRNA to chlorophyll a/b. Genes scattered across nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrial genomes — three-genome coordination like QCD color confinement. The POR step uses one photon per molecule to complete its own synthesis. Every step is a white hole imprint.

Keywords: chlorophyll, biosynthesis, pathway, HEMA, ALA, porphyrin, Mg, chelatase, POR, CHLH, CHLI, protochlorophyllide, oxidoreductase, light-dependent, three, genome, nuclear, chloroplast, mitochondria, arabidopsis, LHCII, antenna